故障指示器简史
Brief history of Fault Current Indicator(FCI)

电力线路故障指示器起源于二十世纪八十年代的德国，最早发明它的目的是为了指示电力线路短路电流流过的途径，帮助人们查找到故障点。直到现在，德国的故障指示器的工艺仍然是世界一流的（备注：但技术上已经落后于北京蓝派克独创的“四遥”数字故障指示器了），有兴趣的朋友可以上德国PDP和中国LPK公司网站或者有机会走出国门去欧美和中国市场看一看，大家肯定会对指示器的国际市场和发展趋势有一个全新的认识。我国从九十年代开始引进和学习国外短路指示器的研制技术。
FCI of power line originated in Germany in the 1980s, aiming to indicate the flow of short-circuit fault current of power line and find the fault location. Till now, Germany Quality and process of FCI is still world-class (Note: but it lags behind the digital Short-circuit and Ground FCI with RF uniquely made by Beijing Line Pecker Power Technology Co., Ltd). If you are interested, please browse the website of PDP company in Germany and LPK company in China or take a visit in Europe ,US and China markets before you get a new understanding to the world market and development trend of indicator. China started bringing in and studying the technology of short-circuit fault current indicator from abroad since 1990s.

进入二十世纪，人们开始关注短路指示器的信号远传问题。故障指示器动作以后，先给出本地指示，然后再通过无线（室外架空/室内电缆场合）、光纤（室内电缆场合）等高压绝缘媒介发出动作信号。信号远传的实现，突破了架空线路和电缆设备的视线障碍，延长了人们的观察距离，并逐渐演变成为配电线路故障定位系统。该系统与调度SCADA/GIS系统相结合，能提高电力运行和调度部门的工作效率和自动化管理水平。后来出现的接地故障指示器，也尝试着将其动作信号接入调度自动化系统，结合变电站综合自动化系统信息将有助于接地选线和故障查找。
From the 20th century, people began to pay attention to the problem of signal remote transmission of short-circuit Fault Current indicator（SFCI）. After Short-circuit Fault Current Occurs,SFCI indicates here by red signs and flash LEDs, then sends the fault action signal through Communication medium, such as wireless (outdoor overhead/indoor cable occasions) or fiber (indoor cable occasions). Signal remote transmission breaks through the sight obstacles of overhead lines and cable equipments, extends people''s viewing distance and gradually evolves into a Fault Location System(FLS) for power distribution lines. The system, combined with SCADA/GIS, is able to improve sector efficiency and automation management of power operation department and dispatching department. The subsequent Ground Fault Current Indicator(GFCI) also tries to access action signal to Dispatching Automated system, which benefits to fault line selection and troubleshooting combined with integrated substation automation system.

直到二十一世纪，国内主要厂商开始研究线路上的单相接地故障检测问题，并陆续推出了一些试用产品，例如接地故障指示器和短路接地二合一故障指示器。我国电力系统生搬硬套了前苏联的模式，110kV以下配电系统主要采用小电流接地系统，中性点不接地或者经消弧线圈接地。由于接地故障从检测原理和实现成本上来说都是世界难题，现在的局面是白花齐放、百家争鸣，故障指示器的制造者无论历史长短和规模大小都有机会角逐这个市场，关键在于人才，靠人的智慧和发明创造，更靠现场试验和运行实践。
Until the 21st century, the major domestic manufacturers began to study single-line ground fault detection, and continually launched a number of trial products, such as GFCI and 2-in-1 FCI(SFCI and GFCI). China''s electric power system imitated the mode of the former Soviet Union mechanically that 110kV distribution system mainly used the small current grounding system and neutral point did not ground or grounded by arc suppression coil. The ground fault detection is world problem from detection theory and implementation cost, so the FCI manufacturers, whatever its history and size, get the opportunity to compete in this market, and the talent is key point. It not only depends on wisdom and invention, but also on field test and operation practice.

如今，随着芯片制造工艺和通讯技术的快速发展，国内外正在悄然兴起一股故障指示器的技术革命，即全数字的故障指示器已经出现！在这之前，故障指示器主要采用模拟器件和逻辑组合电路，也曾出现过所谓的智能型故障指示器，但这类指示器主要是把模拟电路换成单片机，信号采集、故障判据和通讯技术实际变化不大，表现为信号没有量化、参数不能调整。数字故障指示器除了实现故障检测、指示和信号远传等“遥信”功能以外，还可以实现“遥测”【信号量化】、“遥控”【指示器遥控复归】、“遥调”【参数调整】和从导线负荷电流产生的磁场感应取电等功能。对于数字故障指示器，我们可以这样理解，传统的故障指示器好比传统的继电器保护，全数字化的故障指示器好比现在广泛使用的微机测控保护装置。
Today, with the rapid development of chip manufacturing and communication technologies, a technological revolution in FCI is quietly promoting at home and abroad and an all-digital FCI has been created! Before, FCI mainly adopts analog device and logic combinational circuit. There used to be a so-called intelligent fault indicator, which replaces analog circuit by single chip, but it is not real change to signal collection, troubleshooting and communication technology, because the signal is not quantified and parameter cannot be adjusted. The digital FCI can not only achieve Remote Signaling, such as fault defection, indication and signal remote transmission, but also achieve “Remote Monitoring” [signal quantification], “Remote Control” and “Remote Adjustment” [parameter adjustment]. The all-digital FCI, metaphorly speaking, is like widely used microprocessor-based protection if traditional FCI is traditional relay protection.

北京蓝派克电力科技有限公司基于国内外大公司（德国、电科院、华为等）技术研发和调研背景，总结了十多年的产品设计和运行经验，并通过自主创新，突破了困扰故障指示器多年的材料、工艺、结构和技术“瓶颈”，已经研制成功了全数字化的故障指示器，在信号传感器、感应取电、信号采样、计算模型、数据通讯、电池寿命和微功耗设计等方面处于国内外技术领先水平。山不在高，有仙则名，水不在深，有龙则灵，我们坚信，在不久的将来，数字化的故障指示器将翻开新的历史篇章！对数字化故障指示器有兴趣和有任何疑问的朋友，不论电力客户、代理商和同行，都可以和蓝派克公司联系，让我们共同解决输配电线路和设备故障检测与定位（短路、接地、断线、不平衡）、故障处理（隔离故障、恢复和转移供电）、在线监测（负荷电流、短路电流、接地电流、零序电流、架空线路杂散电容放电电流、线路对地电场、接地电压、导线局部放电、电缆头局部放电、电缆头温度）、保护（CT自供电微机保护）与控制（经济实用的配网自动化）、防盗、防窃电等电力生产过程中的棘手问题！
Beijing Line Pecker Power Technology Co., Ltd, on the basis of technology development and research of domestic and foreign companies (Germany, EPRI,Huawei,etc.), summarized 10 years of experience in product design and operation, broke through the bottleneck in material, technology, structure and skill by self-innovations and has successfully developed all-digital FCI, which stands on leading level at home and abroad in signal sensor, circuit Self-powered from load current of the power line, signal sampling, computing model, data communications, battery life and micro-power design. Any mountain can be famous with the presence of an immortal; any river can be holy with the presence of a dragon. We believe that digital FCI will open a new chapter in history in near future. Any friend, no matter client, agent or competitor, who is interested in digital FCI or has questions, is welcomed to contact us. Let’s solve the thorny problems in power production together, such as fault detection and location (short-circuit current fault, Ground current fault, power line broken and load current unbalance), troubleshooting (fault isolation, recovery, transfer of power), on-line monitoring (load current, short-circuit fault current , Ground fault current, zero sequence current of cable, stray capacitance discharge current of overhead Lines, Line-to-ground voltage, temperature of cable connector), protection (CT Self-powered microprocessor-based protection), control (economic and practical Distribution Automation System) and power theft-proof.

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